Die Herausforderung des Klimawandels.

Decentralized energy systems are the future

Thu, 12 Mar 2026 18:50:17 GMT

Decentralized energy production and transport to the end-user is more democratic.

Despite the conventional production in big central power plants, decentralized energy is produced locally or not far away from the end-user. The use of fossil fuels is not senseful, because they e.g. mostly come from foreign countries, where the currencies go. This creates dependencies. The use of renewables like solar and wind energy, water power or geothermal energy or bioenergy etc. also in combination with storage systems makes more sense. It contains the ability to democratize energy production and distribution. Even the offshore wind farms are critical, because they are much more vulnerable from attacks in critical times by possible enemies. The more renewable energy we use, the less the effects of critical times on global fossil fuel markets. For example, local and regional jobs can be created. Then there are positive effects for the environment, like carbon dioxide amount reductions, cleaner air, etc. Depending on the size of decentralized energy systems, renewable energy systems must be managed by their operators. In my opinion the use of nuclear energy is not sustainable, from cradle to cradle.

For further information here some possible links, for instance:

- https://tibo.energy/blog/decentralized-energy-systems/

- https://senecaesg.com/insights/decentralized-energy-the-future-of-renewable-power/

- https://eiscouncil.org/beyond-the-grid-the-case-for-decentralized-energy-systems/

- https://www3.wipo.int/wipogreen/en/news/2025/news_0001.html

- https://greenenergyinsight.com/decentralized-energy/

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_generation

- https://tibo.energy/de/blog/dezentrale-energiesysteme/

- https://stromflux.de/dezentrale-energieversorgung/

- https://wavelr.com/blog/dezentrale-vs-zentrale-energieversorgung-ein-umfassender-uberblick

- https://de.renovablesverdes.com/Dezentrale-Erzeugung-erneuerbarer-Energien%3A-Vorteile-und-Herausforderungen/

- https://www.studysmarter.de/studium/umweltwissenschaft/stadtplanung/dezentrale-energieerzeugung/

- https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dezentrale_Stromerzeugung

last visit: 12. March 2026.

The Sun is a medium size star.

Tue, 23 Dec 2025 13:22:07 GMT

Without her and the solar system we would not exist, it all belongs together.

For example, at the transition from space to Earth’s atmosphere the incoming average sun energy is around 1.361 W/m² (solar constant). At Earth’s surface the daily average is around 165 W/m², this corresponds a yearly average of 1.445 kWh/ m². The sun energy is a driving force, the intensity depends on where you are on Earth.

Maybe the universe in which we exist is democratic, because the laws of nature are for everyone and everything, even e.g. a cold stone deep down in the sea.

Possible links related to the sun, 3 in english, 3 in german, for instance:

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy

- https://www.solarpowereurope.org/about/solar-facts/the-basics-of-solar-energy

- https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/solar-energy

- https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnenenergie

- https://www.planet-wissen.de/technik/energie/erneuerbare_energien/sonnenenergie-100.html

- https://sonnenenergie.de/

last visit: 23. December 2025.

Global Markets

Fri, 19 Sep 2025 13:01:08 GMT

Investing in Sustainable Development markets.

The more people who invest in markets based on sustainable development, the more possible winners there could be - the people who could earn ethically good money. The more people who will stay in the old unsustainable economies, the more people who possibly could lose money. Here some possible links, 3 in English, 3 in German, e.g.:

- https://www.sustainable-markets.org/

- https://www.fao.org/agrifood-economics/areas-of-work/smart/en/

- https://www.iied.org/shaping-sustainable-markets

- https://www.borderstep.de/glossar-eintrag/nachhaltige-zukunftsmaerkte-gruene-zukunftsmaerkte/

- https://www.wwf.ch/de/unsere-ziele/wirtschaft-und-maerkte-zusammenarbeit-fuer-eine-nachhaltige-zukunft

- https://clarity.ai/de/research-and-insights/ai/sustainable-investing-trends-to-watch-in-2025-key-insights-for-investors/

last visit: 19. September 2025.

Market Failure

Thu, 31 Jul 2025 09:40:36 GMT

Market failure is a term of Economic Science.

In simple words it describes that a price does not contain the real costs or that there is no price for something, when there should be a price. There are two main cases when a price is in principle wrong.

One case are public goods like air or oceans that can be used by everyone without paying something for it, because no one is taking money for the use or pollution of it. Theoretically the free use of a forest by bikers, hikers etc. could also be considered.

The second (similar) case are negative external effects that also concern individuals or groups. In this case the negative external effects of economic activity by a producer or a consumer does produce external costs. As a simple example: a factory of a product would not have to pay for the environmental damage caused by air, water or soil pollution. Then the people who would be concerned by the pollution would have additional costs.

A global example that concerns the whole of humanity is the climate crisis with the root cause of burning fossil fuels in vast amounts for more than 150 years. We are all concerned.

For further information and facts here some possible links, e.g. 4 in English and 4 in German:

- https://www.globalmediajournal.com/open-access/market-failure-understanding-the-limits-of-free-markets.pdf

- https://www.oxfordscholastica.com/blog/business-economics-articles/what-are-market-failures/

- https://studylatam.com/market-failure-causes-consequences-and-solutions/

- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marketfailure.asp

- https://www.bwl-lexikon.de/wiki/marktversagen/

- https://geschaeftswelt-heute.de/marktversagen/

- https://wirtschaftsvision.de/marktversagen-was-ist-das-marktversagen/

- https://www.studysmarter.de/studium/bwl/mikrooekonomie-studium/marktversagen/

(last visit: 31. July 2025).

“Siebenschläfer” (engl: seven sleeper) or Dormouse (Glis glis)

Fri, 13 Jun 2025 17:40:17 GMT

This night active species belongs to the family of Gliridae (German: Bilche).

Other family members are the “Gartenschläfer” (garden dormouse), the “Haselmaus” (hazel dormouse) and the “Baumschläfer” (engl. tree sleeper). They belong to the ordinance of Rodentia like rats and mice. The creature is around 13 – 18 cm long. Its food is vegetables, seeds and insects. Sometimes birds are eaten too. In Europe the species can be found in forests, vegetable gardens and buildings near to forests. They are in part endangered or critically endangered according to the IUCN Red List. The German name “Siebenschläfer” goes back to the usually seven months of hibernation from around October to May. It has around 3 to 6 offspring per year. In forests the species can “damage” younger trees, because of eating the bark. That “damage” can be mistaken with nutritional traces of squirrels. Two times I found a garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus) on a lawn caught and killed by a cat.

Some possible links, e.g.:

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dormouse

- https://www.britannica.com/animal/dormouse

- https://wildbruecke.de/en/dormouse-sleeps/

- https://rangerplanet.com/dormouse-identify-it-habitat-behavior-diet-a-guide-images/

- https://www.bfn.de/artenportraits/muscardinus-avellanarius

- https://www.deutschewildtierstiftung.de/wildtiere/gartenschlaefer

- https://www.nabu.de/tiere-und-pflanzen/saeugetiere/nager/00518.html

- https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumschl%C3%A4fer

last visit: 13. June 2025.

Positive effects or benefits of trees

Tue, 22 Apr 2025 09:38:09 GMT

In general trees are good for the environment and for us.

Not every tree species delivers the same. For instance, a Plane tree (e.g. Platanus acerifolia, german: Platane) in middle Europe has a lower possible basis for biodiversity as an Oak; like Quercus petraea (german: Traubeneiche) or Quercus robur, (german: Stieleiche).

Some of the possible advantages of trees are:

• Sequestering carbon from the surrounding air by producing oxygen via photosynthesis during the vegetation period

• Improving the micro-climate

• Reducing the windspeed

• Lower evaporation

• Lower erosion

• Delivering shadow

• Reducing the local temperature

• Pumping nutrients and water from deeper soil

• Improving the water balance

• Deciduous trees/ broadleaf trees deliver nutrients to the soil when the leaves have fallen

• Improving the local biodiversity, depending on the tree species and the local conditions, e.g. for birds, insects, fungi, mammals, plants, others like e.g. in mangroves

• Protection of climate extreme events

• Improving surrounding soils, e.g. in the agriculture-/ farming sector

• Tree specific fruits or nuts

• Aesthetic and recreational effects & benefits

• Producing wood by biochemistry

• Allelopathic effects, that are possible effects of the different biochemical produced substances, e.g. via odors

• … … …

Trees are vital elements of evolution.

Care for and enhance a sustainable living basis on spaceship Mother Earth.

Wed, 19 Mar 2025 18:32:38 GMT

On a planet with limited dimensions and finite resources, we should make wise decisions about what to do with the natural boundaries and possibilities we have.

Protecting and restoring eco-systems, landscapes and our surroundings in a sustainable way is vital for our existence: e.g. for clean water, air, soil, food and nourishment, moderate climate temperatures. It is cheaper to restore planet Earth than to try to live on planet Mars. Mars is further away from the Sun, much smaller and has much lower gravity than Earth. This would have an impact on the development of life on Mars. Our nature and we developed on Earth. There could be a reason why we are here. Some further things we can do are, for example:

• use energy efficient devices and light sources

• save energy - the best energy is the energy we do not need

• lending, sharing and secondhand use of products and things

• implement consequent circular economies

• ecological construction and renovation

• stopping deforestation around the globe

• forestation and afforestation of forests

• sustainable agriculture, fishery and forestry

• buy sustainable and fair produced products

• produce and store your own renewable energy, e.g. with wind and solar

• access to clean energy, medical care, education and other basic needs for all humans

• sustainable behavior not only at home

• invest in renewable energy and/ or sustainable companies and banks

• leaving fossil fuels in the ground

• use heat pumps

The respective sustainable development possibilities are numerous, because the world is full of solutions. Politicians should make progressive sustainability policies to make the right things possible, a good future with biodiverse life on Earth – the pearl in the solar-system.

About Stranded Investments

Thu, 20 Feb 2025 19:24:34 GMT

An investment that has not enough or no further return now or at some foreseeable vital point in the future can be named a stranded investment.

This will be the case for the fossil fuel industries, and for nuclear power plants. It happens when the market conditions change faster than expected or when new developments are ignored. In this case the money went in the wrong markets. Industrial history has a simple example. As the car industry developed, there were many horses left. Fossil fuel industries and nuclear power plants are dirty and unsustainable. The field of renewable energies and the wide field of Sustainable Development are the new prospering investment opportunities. Investors of any size should turn away from unsustainable investments and technology as soon as possible. To act against human induced further global warming we cannot wait any longer. Fossil fuels and nuclear energy reserves should be left in the ground. 4 possible links:

- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-022-01356-y

- https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-are-stranded-assets/

- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0973082623000145

- https://www.thisismatter.com/insights/stranded-assets-an-emerging-challenge-for-professional-investors

last visit: 20. February 2025

Time to change.

Thu, 23 Jan 2025 09:25:04 GMT

In a world that gets more heated by the behaviors of humanity, we should have some cool ideas.

If we do not have cooler ideas, we should use and make what is already possible, as examples and as far as possible:

• Saving energy, material and natural resources in business and at home

• Changing to certified renewable energy providers

• Producing and storing renewable energy. e.g. with solar electric units on the balcony

• Leave fossil fuels in the ground. Let this long-time dead organic matter rest in peace.

• Plant trees in the surroundings like that in the local original forests or fruit trees from good seeds (i.e. with autochthonous species)

• Reduce, reuse, recycle organic and inorganic waste respectively materials

• Collect rainwater for dry days in smaller and bigger amounts

• Renature wetlands, rivers, mangroves and nature in general

• Provide shelter and homes for wildlife by ecological islands in the landscape

• Use bikes or go by foot or use public transport instead of cars

• Buy or grow sustainable products

• et cetera ... ... ...

Artificial intelligence or money cannot replace nature.

Some thoughts at northern winter solstice.

Sat, 21 Dec 2024 18:27:41 GMT

The longest night and the shortest time of possible daylight.

For the balance of the living conditions for humanity on planet earth it is time to change, e.g.:

Time to get away from fossil fuels like coal, crude oil and natural gas.

Time to accelerate the wide use of renewable energies like wind power, solar energy, waterpower, tidal energy etc., near surface and deep geothermal energy.

Time to practice sustainability, e.g. in agriculture, forestry and fishing practices.

Time to use material efficient and energy efficient technologies in buildings, transport and industries.

Time to enhance democracies, even in developed countries. Time for more democracy.

Time to end wars and live in peace.

Time to end famines and homelessness.

Time for access to medical care, clean energy and clean cooking technologies for everyone.

Time to enhance ecosystems and biodiversity on land and in the seas.

Time to think about tomorrows and what would happen if we do not act in time.

From tomorrow on possible daylight time will increase again for the next half year in the northern hemisphere, maybe it will also bring more light in the darkest brains.

Music suggestions:

- “Time” by Alan Parsons Project from the album “The turn of friendly card” (1980)

- “2112” by Rush from the album “2112” (1976)

- “Time” by Pink Floyd from the album “The dark side of the moon” (1973)

The origin of forests and the main deposits of fossil fuels.

Mon, 02 Dec 2024 18:59:41 GMT

In comparison to the age of Mother Earth, forests and the development of live on land are rather young.

Around 400 million years ago water plants began to conquer the land surface. They learned to accomplish the photosynthesis also on land. Further mutations, natural selection, plant development and nature succession of plant societies followed. Then the first forests had appeared during the Carbon Era circa 300 – 360 million years ago, e.g. with tree ferns, club mosses, big horsetail plants, first conifers, giant dragonflies and other insects, first reptiles, etc. The climate had been warm-wet, and at the end dry. Huge quantities of carbon dioxide had been sequestered and produced living biomass of which the dead leftovers accumulated in sinks, swamps and moors. Over time other sediments had layered above them, while the history of mother earth went on. Stone coal had been created. Millions of years after those events, Humanity began to burn fossil fuels like coal, crude-oil and natural gas in increasing amounts. That enabled the industrial era and our modern time. So – in fact – today we are burning the residues of the biomass of the first forests like the stone coal of the Carbon Era. Since decades we have cleaner technologies available, contributing to a possible better environment quality. For further information and facts here some links, e.g.:

- https://earthhow.com/earth-timeline-geological-history-events/

- https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/carboniferous

- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aiNMtp-cgyk

- https://www.paleontologyworld.com/prehistoric-flora-fauna/carboniferous-period

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Earth

- https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/Karbon?lang=de

- https://www.ndr.de/kultur/kunst/niedersachsen/Osnabruecker-Museum-zeigt-die-Welt-von-vor-300-Millionen-Jahren-,karbonwald104.html

- https://geowiki.geo.lmu.de/wiki/Karbon

- https://www.evolution-mensch.de/Thema/Erdgeschichte_-_Karbon.html

last visit: 02.12.2024.

Planet Competition - Universe Sustainable Development Challenge

Mon, 30 Sep 2024 09:34:57 GMT

Our Earth in our Solar-System in the Milky Way is rather small. Billions of Galaxies, Suns and Planets are out there. We are not alone in this Great Universe.

What will happen if one day we would get in contact with extraterrestrial intelligent life and societies. Are they developed? Are they already gone? Or will they emerge? Do they destroy their living conditions? Or have they already learned how to live right on their planet? In any case, we should be prepared, for the best and for the worst. In such a fictional encounter, our planet should be in its best form, with healthy ecosystems, rich biodiversity, moderate global temperatures, peaceful nations, developed human societies, prospering sustainable economies, within a global democracy system, etc. Maybe one day in the future there would be a “Planet Competition - Universe Sustainable Development Challenge”, where all existing intelligent civilizations of the Universe would take part. The respective planet-inhabitants who care best for their home-planet would win the competition, honored with the Universe-Sustainability-Trophy.

Some links about Exoplanets and extraterrestrial life, etc, e.g.:

- Encyclopaedia of exoplanetary systems

- https://webbtelescope.org/images?filterUUID=91dfa083-c258-4f9f-bef1-8f40c26f4c97&page=1&itemsPerPage=15

- Exoplanets | ESO

- Exoplanets, worlds beyond the Solar System | The Planetary Society

- https://www.space.com/astrobiology-what-is-it

- https://www.challenge-climatechange.de

- Urknall, Weltall und das Leben: Zukunft im Weltraum - Spektrum der Wissenschaft

- Gibt es außerirdisches Leben im Weltall - quarks.de

- DLR_next - Leben im All?

- Astrobiologie - Gibt es Leben im All? | National Geographic

Last visit: 30. September 2024.

The power of the sun.

Thu, 22 Aug 2024 09:00:58 GMT

The sun is an essential enabler of life. Without her life on earth - as we usually know it - would not exist.

It is the gravity center of our solar system and its planets. It drives the life processes in mother nature, e.g. starting the nourishment-chains via photosynthesis in plants. It drives the wind and weather. Hereby water has a vital role, with its unique molecule characteristics and the temperature ranges related to the state of matter as ice, fluid or steam, and the respective energy content. It has the second highest heat-capacity (around 4,19 J/kg*K at 20°C) after ammonia. It is used as energy carrier in conventional power plants - mainly based on fossil fuels - since the invention of the steam machine. Ancient tribes, old and indigenous civilizations had honored the sun as a god or goddess. The existence of the world in space is a miracle.

Auerhahn or Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus)

Wed, 17 Jul 2024 09:10:51 GMT

The species can be found in many parts of Europe, Scandinavia and Siberia. It belongs to the chicken birds and prefers Coniferous Forests.

In middle Europe – for instance - it can exist in the Alps, Black Forest, Bavarian Forest, Pyrenees, Jura, and in the Vosges. In Germany it mostly does not live under 1000 meters above sea level, e.g. in the National Park Black Forest or in the NP Berchtesgaden. It needs rather big habitats for its specific living procedures and nourishment over the year. The cock is bigger than a goose, the hen is much smaller. The species has a special Courtship display (Balz ritual). Globally these birds are categorized as least concern - according to the IUCN Red list - in Germany it is endangered. As with many other species, root causes are Habitat destruction and/or disturbances by Tourism, and/or the consequences of global warming. In a nutshell, the living conditions of a species are influenced by its necessary Habitat, the given or lack of Nourishment and Predators. Some links for further information and facts, e.g.:

- Western Capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) Information | Earth Life

- Capercaillie | The Wildlife Trusts

- Western capercaillie - Wikipedia

- Vogelporträt: Auerhuhn - NABU

- Auerhahn: Der größte Hühnervogel Europas im Steckbrief - das Tierlexikon (das-tierlexikon.de)

- Auerhuhn – Wikipedia

(last visit: 17. July 2024)

The power of the wind.

Mon, 24 Jun 2024 17:41:15 GMT

The power of the wind is used since a very long time, like sail-ships and windmills.

The origin of the winds has a simple explanation. The rays from the sun are shining on the different surface structures of mother earth, like deserts, seas, forests, land and mountains. The respective air masses are heated - more or less. Different temperatures and pressures lead to different air densities and air movements, while the earth is rotating.

One vital formula to describe a given wind power is: P = A * v³ * 0,5 * ϱ

P stands for power, A for a certain area (the blade wide of a wind turbine), v is the wind velocity, 0,5 is a physics factor, and ϱ stands for the air-density. The higher the variables are, the higher the harvested wind power could be. It depends on the local conditions and the efficiency of the used technologies. Usually, the wind speeds are higher more above the earth surface, because the surface acts like a brake. Most types of wind turbines work against the wind. Some links for further information and facts, e.g.:

- The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind - Wikipedia and a link about the film https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7533152/

- International meeting point for the wind industry - WindEnergy Hamburg

- Wind energy in Europe: 2023 Statistics and the outlook for 2024-2030 | WindEurope

- What's next for offshore wind in 2024 | MIT Technology Review

- Global Offshore Wind Report 2024 - Global Wind Energy Council (gwec.net)

last visit: 24. June 2024.

Renewable Energies and Decentralized-Energy-Systems

Fri, 07 Jun 2024 17:52:31 GMT

Combining photovoltaic and wind turbines with electric battery storage is a good concept.

Renewable Energies are all possibilities of almost endless resources, as solar and wind energy, waterpower, tidal and wave energy, biomass, heat and cold from air or the upper earth-layers. Furthermore geothermal energy can be used. The Earth is circling around the Sun with an average distance of 150 million km. Hereby the solar radiation that comes on Earth is in average around 1.367 W/m². In Germany on a clear summer day it is around 1.000 W/m². The average of a year in Germany is around 110 W/m², that is around 1000 kWh/m². Such figures are used to project solar energy plants. The solar radiation is also driving the wind energy potentials.

For example, while the solar energy can only be directly used in the day time, wind energy is also possible at night. In the time when the sun doesn’t shine and no wind blows, stored renewable energy in electric batteries could be used. Such kind of concepts should be preferred wherever possible, building decentralized-energy-systems instead of large-scale-power plants and electric transportation over hundreds or thousands of kilometers.

Facultative core or red core in the wood of Beech trees.

Thu, 09 May 2024 09:25:29 GMT

In this photo we see 3 harvested Beech tree (Fagus sylvatica) stems with a red core.

The stems are good quality due to size, geometry, and wood quality, usually from the lower part of the standing tree. The beech tree belongs to tree species that can develop a facultative core or red core because of external factors. The size, color and structure of this red core can vary. It is mostly caused by injuries of the stem or via dry branches so that oxygen can get into it. Then phenol contents can be built. These cannot get into the cell wall structures of the tree. This happens mostly in older trees when the humidity of the wood is less than 60 percent. It can begin at a tree age of 80 years, mostly at the age of 100 to 130 years. In the sustainable economic used forests in Germany, beech trees are harvested mainly up to the tree age of 150 years, at the latest. Normally the technological characteristics of the wood are not affected by the facultative core. The respective wood has special color variations and can be used for different purposes - maybe via special treatment -, e.g. for furniture. Some people like the red core color others not.

The long-life use of wood-products is helpful for carbon sequestration because trees mostly contain around 50 % carbon in their wood. This makes sense if the wood is from consequent sustainable forestry, that also respects ecological and social dimensions. If the wood after the use is burnt or rotten, the carbon cycle - from cradle to cradle - is closed. The more sustainably used forests there are, the better this would be for the future. But there should also exist enough natural forests that are not economically used - in the best-case prime forests – from now on into the future.

Rosenkäfer, Rose chafer (Cetonia aurata)

Sun, 21 Apr 2024 09:29:48 GMT

This nice animal was on the balcony already in the mid of April 2024 maybe waiting for the energy rays of the sun.

The beetle belongs to the scarab family Scarabeidae. To this family also belong the cock chafer (german: Maikäfer) or the dung chafer, and others. The Rose chafer is 1,4 – 2 cm long. It can be seen on blossoms of trees, shrubs, roses, etc. Normally the beetles fly from May till August, maybe because of global warming this period is longer. It has some relatives, that in part look similar. The rose chafer can be identified by its V-shaped “scutellum”. In contrast to other beetles, they fly with their wing cases down. They can fly very fast. The larvae, e.g. live and develop in rotten wood of tree stumps. They are very common in Middle-Europe. Some people say they would do harm to their gardens, e.g. by eating the blossoms of roses, the fruits of strawberries, or the leaves of apple-, cherry- and birch trees.

A short description of the Arolla or Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.).

Mon, 18 Mar 2024 19:01:31 GMT

Pinus cembra (german: Zirbelkiefer, Arve, Zirbel) is a slow growing tree species. In Europe it naturally grows in high altitudes, e.g. in the southern Alps up to 2.700 m.

Under good environmental conditions it can grow up to a height of more than 25 m and can reach 1,5 m in diameter. It can get more than 400 years old; some say more than 1.000 years. Its seed cones contain rather big edible seeds. They are eaten and dispersed, for instance by the Eurasian nutcracker (Nucifaga caryocatactes, german: Tannenhäher), Woodpeckers and Squirrels. The needles are 5-12 cm long and grow in fascicles of five. This tree species is rather resistant to cold temperatures, but it is sensitive to late frost (in spring) and to drought stress mainly in lower altitudes. The wood is rather light and soft with a strong aromatic odor. It is mainly used for furniture and interior. For more information, please refer for example to the following links:

- Swiss Stone Pine – Portrait of a Mountain Forest Tree (waldwissen.net)

- Pinus cembra - EUFORGEN European forest genetic resources programme

- Swiss stone pine | The Morton Arboretum

- Cembra pine - Swiss National Parc (nationalpark.ch)

- Pinus_cembra.pdf (europa.eu)

- Pinus cembra - Wikipedia

- Spotted nutcracker - Wikipedia

(Last visit: 18. March 2024).

Lady bugs belong to the family of Mary beetles (Coccinellidae). The name derives from Lady Mary.

Wed, 14 Feb 2024 09:48:51 GMT

Lady bugs are very useful, because as larvae and beetles they eat a lot of scale insects, mites and aphids of different kind.

The photo shows two Seven-point Mary beetles (Coccinella septempunctata). Lady bugs and their relatives hibernate in angles, outdoor, in the wilderness or in buildings. In early spring they can be seen in sunny places. In our region there are more than seventy species. Because they prefer aphids and scale insects as nourishment, they can be used for biological pest control. One Lady bug larva can suck 50 aphids daily, a beetle a bit less. This kind of beetles get more than one year old. In spring the females lay their eggs in hundreds on the lower side of leaves. After one week the larvae get out. 1 to 2 months later, they pupate. After 6 to 9 days the young beetles (Imagines) emerge, the new generation. The family of Lady bugs are very productive.

As mostly here are some links to the topic, e.g.:

- 10 Fascinating Facts About Ladybugs (thoughtco.com)

- Ladybugs | National Geographic

- Coccinellidae - Wikipedia

- Aphid Control: How to Get Rid of Aphids on Plants | The Old Farmer's Almanac

- Aphids: How to Get Rid of Aphids Safely | BBC Gardeners World Magazine

- Scale insect | Cottony cushion, mealybugs, sap-sucking | Britannica

Last visit: 14. February 2024

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) swimming against the stream.

Mon, 15 Jan 2024 09:22:30 GMT

The economically used fish was recently new classified - among others - due to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

There are several species of salmon, in the broader respectively in the narrower sense. The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae. It is the third largest, behind the Siberian taimen and the Pacific Chinook salmon, growing up to an average length of 1 meter. The Atlantic salmon can be found in the northern Atlantic Ocean and in rivers that flow into it. Most populations are living in streams and rivers but moving out to sea as they grow where they mature, after which the adults seasonally move upstream again to spawn. In Germany - for example - this species is critically endangered (possibly extinct). For instance - according to the IUCN Red List - the species is now classified as endangered in Great Britain. The global Atlantic salmon population is near threatened due to the latest IUCN species reassessment, before that it was classified as least concern. Here are some links to the topic, for example:

- Conservation group petitions for Alaska king salmon to be listed as an endangered species (phys.org)

- Atlantic Salmon: Lifecycle, Endangerment, and Preservation - Environment Co

- Salmon | Nutrition, Migration & Lifecycle | Britannica

- IUCN Classifies Atlantic Salmon As Endangered - Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust (gwct.org.uk)

- Freshwater fish highlight escalating climate impacts on species, warns IUCN Red List | WWF (panda.org)

- Atlantic salmon now Near Threatened on IUCN Red List - Westcountry Rivers Trust (wrt.org.uk)

- A Quarter of Freshwater Fish Are at Risk of Extinction, a New Assessment Finds - The New York Times (nytimes.com)

- Salmon (nationalgeographic.com)

(last visit: 14. January 2024).

Do we have a clear Vision? Can we prevent the destinction of humanity and other species on Mother Earth?

Mon, 04 Dec 2023 09:32:05 GMT

Yes we can. A better sustainable Future for All is possible, from now on.

I have some kind of Vision : In a rather short time Humanity created a new mentality on planet Mother Earth. Human kind changed from the use of unsustainable Fossil Fuels and unsustainable, very dangerous Nuclear Energy use to 100 percent Renewable Energy Systems (365 - 24) around the globe. Human kind successfully restored and protected Nature's Eco-Systems on an acceptable sustainable level. Human kind implemented and successfully used the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals with its 169 more specific targets. Therefore Human kind established an efficient World Democracy within every square meter. Human kind saved all life on Mother Earth right in time. After Humanity implemented consequently sustainable living principles on this lovely planet, women and men and all others started to look, if they could also live sustainable in Space and on other Earth-like Planets. Yes they could and they did it. It was and is a total success story never heard and seen before in the whole Universe.

Saving planet mother Earth would be much cheaper than maybe someday terra-forming other planets.

Tue, 07 Nov 2023 18:48:55 GMT

Living on the Moon or on Mars or on another planet will not have the same conditions and possibilities as living on our home-planet.

Earth-like planets are far, far away. For example the next solar-system Alpha-Centauri is around 4,5 lightyears from here.

For example: The gravity acceleration on Earth is ca. 9.8 m/s², on Moon only ca. 1,6 m/s², and on Mars: ca. 3,7 m/s². This differences in relation to Earth have impacts on the development of life. Then there are the questions about atmosphere, oxygen, water, warmth, cold, etc. Why striving to space, when we are not able to tackle the climate crisis and to live in peace around our globe? For further information and facts, here are some links that fit more or less to the topic, e.g.:

- Why Settling Mars Is a Terrible Idea - Scientific American

- https://phys.org/news/2023-10-comprehensive-blueprint-settlement-mars.html

- https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/aug/21/the-big-idea-should-we-colonise-other-planets

- https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/humanity-would-be-better-saving-earth-rather-colonizing-mars-29712

- Colonies of the Future: Settling on Mars - Othniel (othnielcreator.com)

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonization_of_Mars

last visit: 07. November 2023.

Annual tree rings and dendro-chronology (tree-ring-dating).

Wed, 20 Sep 2023 08:26:19 GMT

On the cross-section of many trees we can see the growth pattern of the individual trees, that can be used to compare growth conditions, determine the age and to set up annual ring calendars.

This tree is probably a douglas fir. The brighter zone of the annual rings is the early wood, built around in spring time/early summer. The cell structures are more voluminous. The darker annual ring zone is more dense, built later. Together they built one annual ring per year. If you count all the rings of a tree, you know the age. In the middle of this cross-section there are also twigs to be seen. The crack was maybe caused due to lack of care,or to much tension, or the stem dried to fast, or all together. The wider rings say that the tree had more space and light and/or better growth conditions. The narrow later rings show, that the stand where the tree grew got more dense. The tree had to compete with his colleagues for water, nourishment and light. The more even the annual rings are and the less twigs are to be seen, the higher the yield of the possible wood product usually could be; e.g. like high-class furniture. Annual rings can also be used to estimate climate conditions and historical analysis, e.g. going back in time more than 7.000 years ago.

For further information and facts, see - for example - the following links:

- Statistical age determination of tree rings | PLOS ONE

- Growth ring | Annual Rings, Cambium Layer & Xylem Cells | Britannica

- Annual Rings | Encyclopedia.com

- Dendrochronology - Wikipedia

- Wood - An introduction to its structure, properties, and uses (explainthatstuff.com)

- Properties of Wood - Composition, Physical, Mechanical and Thermal (vedantu.com)

- ��Wood properties - GREEMAP

- Wood Types, Characteristics and Identification Guide - Wood Assistant

last visit: 20. September 2023.

Urban Forestry or Arboriculture.

Mon, 14 Aug 2023 18:01:06 GMT

The methods of Urban Forestry Management can help us to make our cities greener, healthier and happier.

In our changing world, forests and similar natural elements play a crucial role in the wellbeing of more and more people who live in urban areas. Land resources are scarce, green refuges are under heavy pressure from unsustainable development and global warming effects. Existing green resources are under stress from human activities and environment pollution. Therefore it is good and necessary to manage these scarce green resources and make the best out of them. For example to choose the right species in quantity and quality, regarding water, heat stress and dryness (micro-climate) as well as local soil conditions. For further informations and facts here some links, for instance:

- What is Urban Forestry? A Day on the Job! - YouTube

- Urban Forestry & Urban Greening | Vol 87, In progress (September 2023) | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier

- World Forum on Urban Forests - Home

- Urban and Peri-urban Forestry (fao.org)

- Urban Forests as Nature-based Solutions - Uforest

- Urban forestry - Wikipedia

(last visit: 14. August 2023).

Agroforestry, what is that?

Thu, 20 Jul 2023 09:09:32 GMT

In simple terms Agroforestry-Systems are land use concepts which combine trees and agriculture working together.

The photo shows a simple traditional Agroforest-System, a Orchard meadow with broadspaced fruit trees - in this case a Silvopastoral-System. In general Agroforestry could be described as a land use which combines agriculture and tree growing, to produce both commercial agricultural products and tree products. There are two main forms: timberbelts and broadspaced. The used species depends on the local conditions: soil, climate, the wanted plants and tree species respectively live stock. In the best case endemic species are used. Agroforest-Systems can provide for example: salinity and water table control, soil erosion control, shelter and shade, fodder, timber and other tree products, wildlife habitat, nutrient recycling and natural carbon capture and storage options, increased yields, etc. The possibilities of this land use systems are enormously and endless. That could be the reason why more and more countries around the globe are using them. For further information and facts please visit - for instance - the following sites:

- What is Agroforestry? | World Agroforestry | Transforming Lives and Landscapes with Trees

- The Incredible Benefits of Agroforestry on Small Farms | Introduction to Agroforestry - YouTube

- Agroforestry to transform Tanzania economy - Daily News

- How the agroforestry industry’s empowerment can have significant long-term benefits in economic advantages (indiatimes.com)

- Basics of Agroforestry - YouTube

- Agroforestry (fao.org)

- Agroforestry - Wikipedia

last visit: 16. July 2023.

Sustainable solutions are vital for the present and for the future.

Sun, 04 Jun 2023 18:29:24 GMT

Since the evolution of humanity women and men invented methods and technologies to make their life easier and better. Now is the time for better methods and technologies to restore a healthy earth.

When a new method and/ or technology is invented it usually needs research and development (R&D), promotion, market introduction and market penetration. New things get used to, like e.g. trains, cars, planes or the light. Other things get obsolete. Fossil fuels and environment destruction and pollution are not sustainable. We need new ways, methods and technologies. We already have a lot of sustainable solutions, like e.g.:

Renewable Energies (Solar, Wind, ...), Energy efficient technologies (heat pumps, LEDs, heat exchangers, pumps with speed control, etc.), the concept of circular economies, nature protection and restoration, sustainable management concepts (sea, land, forests), environment laws and regulations, and much, much more. For further information and facts, see for example at the following websites:

- Working Together United Nations Agencies Can Find Solutions to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, Deputy Secretary-General Tells Executive Boards | UN Press

- The top-100 of universities advancing the UN SDG targets | World Economic Forum (weforum.org)

- 21 Sustainability Innovations Changing the World (interestingengineering.com)

- Englische Seite – SDSN Germany

- Sustainable development in the European Union – Monitoring report on progress towards the SDGs in an EU context – 2023 edition - Products Flagship publications - Eurostat (europa.eu)

- Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR) 2023 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs (un.org)

(last visit: 04. June 2023)

Water - the Elexir of life, the blue Gold.

Mon, 17 Apr 2023 17:54:44 GMT

The world Freshwater Reserves are increasingly coming under pressure. World population development, growing unsustainable economic activities and improved living conditions are leading to enforced competition for limited Freshwater Reserves.

Water is the basis for biological life on planet earth. We can live without fossil fuels, but not without water. Scientists say that water played the crucial role in the development of life, which probably started in the seas. Some say water and organic molecules came with comets to planet earth. As in earths history the development of life went from the seas onto the land surface of mother earth, plants started to influence the water cycles and the further development of the land-based biosphere. Forests play a decisive role in earths water cycles, the more forests the better. For instance, the deforestation of forests for agriculture reduces the availability of water in many cases, while agriculture needs water. The topic of water has many aspects. Some links as example for further information and facts:

- Water: The Elixir of Life – Connect with IISc

- Water the elixir of life | INDIAN CULTURE

- Water, the blue gold that billionaires invest in - Luxury Tribune (contains a picture of Icelandic waterfall Skogafoss)

- Water is the New Gold: An Emerging Source of Global Conflicts - Global Village Space

- UN 2023 Water Conference | Department of Economic and Social Affairs

- World Water Day | World Water Day 2023

(last visit: 17. April 2023).

IUCN - Protected Area Management Categories

Sun, 19 Mar 2023 19:06:58 GMT

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has developed 6 Protected Area Management Categories via its World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA).

The main purpose of the protected areas is to conserve biodiversity and to provide a way for measuring the progress of such conservation. The 6 different categories are as follows:

- Category Ia – Strict Nature Reserve

- Category Ib – Wilderness Area

- Category II – National Park

- Category III – Natural Monument or Feature

- Category IV – Habitat/Species Management Area

- Category V – Protected Landscape/Seascape

- Category VI – Protected Area with sustainable use of natural resources

Some links for further information and facts, e.g.:

- https://www.iucn.org/our-work/protected-areas-and-land-use or

- https://www.biodiversitya-z.org/content/iucn-protected-area-management-categories or

- NABU (Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union) - Home or

- https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/protected-areas/facts-and-figures/IUCN-management-categories or

- protected-area-management-guidelines.pdf (ibat-alliance.org)

(last visit on 19. March 2023).

Categories due to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Sun, 12 Mar 2023 20:07:13 GMT

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) was established in 1948 and the Red List was established in 1964.

The IUCN Red List provides the conservation status of plant and animal species around the world. It assigns a specific category to each of the evaluated species. The categories are as follows:

- Extinct (EX) - Beyond reasonable doubt that the species is no longer extant.

- Extinct In The Wild (EW) - Known only to survive in captivity, or as a naturalized population outside its historic range.

- Critically endangered (CR) - At a very high risk of extinction.

- Endangered (EN) - High risk of extinction in the wild.

- Vulnerable (VU) - High risk of endangerment in the wild.

- Near threatened (NT) - Likely to become endangered in the near future.

- Least concern (LC) - Lowest risk. Does not qualify for a more at-risk category

- Data deficient (DD) - Not enough data to make an assessment of its risk of extinction.

- Not evaluated (NE) - Has not yet been evaluated against the criteria.

Some links for further information and facts, for example:

- https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/categories-and-criteria or

- http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search or

- IUCN Classification : Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable (clearias.com) or

- http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search or

- IUCN Red List - Wikipedia or

- Species | BFN

(last visit of the sites: 12. March 2023)

Lammergeier (Gypaetus barbatus) or Bearded Vulture is flying again since some years in the European Alps.

Sun, 12 Feb 2023 19:40:19 GMT

The Bearded Vulture (dt. Bartgeier) was extinct in the European Alps. Due to reintroduction attempts in Austria, Switzerland and Germany his species is back again.

The rather big bird of prey has a lean body with a long tail. The species prefers the mountainous regions of southern Europe like Spain. In the European Alps it was extinct for more than 100 years. The food contains meet and bones from dead hoofed animals like chamois (dt. Gemse). Here are some links (6 in german language, 3 in english) for further information and facts; e.g.:

- Bartgeier im Nationalpark Berchtesgaden

- Wiederansiedlung der Bartgeier in den Alpen - LBV - Gemeinsam Bayerns Natur schützen

- Bartgeierdame Dagmar im hinteren Zillertal unterwegs - Zillertaler Zeitung

- Vogelporträt: Bartgeier - NABU

- Lebendige Alpen - phoenix | programm.ARD.de

links in english:

- https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/lammer1/cur/introduction

- https://ebird.org/species/lammer1

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearded_vulture

(last visit: 2023-02-12).

The rise of clean technologies.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Wed, 11 Jan 2023 19:32:39 GMT

Increasing the use of clean technologies is vital for current and future generations respectively for sustainable development.

To reduce our ecological footprint clean technologies are begining to make a difference. Renewable Energies like windpower and solar power, geothermal and hydropower substitute more and more fossil fuels. Energy efficiency technologies are saving energy and money. The best energy is energy you do not need. Recycling, reuse, refurbish and sharing things and materials help to prevent environment pollution. Electric vehicles and the increased use of busses and trains also help to reduce the stress on our environment. Last but not least information technologies and shared knowledge can contribute to a better future. Education, clean water and air and sanitation are some of the basic needs, etc. For further informations and some facts please see, for instance: https://sdgs.un.org/goals or Energy Technology Perspectives 2023 - Event - IEA (release on 12. Jan. 2023) or Solar and renewable energy trends in 2023 (zawya.com) or Summer 2023: Iceland: Renewable Energy, Technology, & Resource Economics (Summer 2) - SIT Study Abroad or A new tool helps map out where to develop clean energy infrastructure -- ScienceDaily or EU aims to agree new energy efficiency law in 2023 – EURACTIV.com or

ENERGY EFFICIENCY: THE WAY FORWARD FOR CLIMATE CHANGE » Visions for Europe - Magazine or Energy Efficiency Conferences 2023/2024/2025 (conferenceindex.org) , last visit: 2023-01-11.

The race to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions is still open. Which country will be the first of the top five?

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 12 Dec 2022 19:52:52 GMT

Due to the United Nations Climate Action: "For a livable climate:
Net-zero commitments must be backed by credible action."

Reaching Net Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions according to the Paris Agreement till 2050 at the latest is still possible. For this all countries and all sectors within a country must make respective contributions. Getting away from burning fossil fuels fast to economies based on 100 % Renewable Energy Supplies, like from Wind Energy, Solar Energy Technologies, and others. All sectors mean e.g., the state institutions, all the industries, the households, and buildings as well as the different kinds of traffic carriers. For instance, some say reaching net zero before 2050 is possible or it should be reached much earlier. Others say setting on forests and soils as carbon sinks is not enough. Others say the consequent use of space technologies is vital. Further the rational use of energy via Energy Efficiency Technologies and personal energy saving behavior is also an important aspect. We can reach goals if we believe it is possible. Reaching Net Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions before 2050 is possible. For further information and facts please see, for example:

- Reaching net zero: how to transform manufacturing and value chains - Thai News (thailand-business-news.com) or

- World Could Reach Net Zero Up To 10 Years Ahead Of Schedule with Full Adoption of Space Tech - New Model Shows - Globant (NYSE:GLOB) - Benzinga or

- Countries making risky bet on forests and soils to reach net zero (phys.org) or

- ICS: To Reach Net Zero in Shipping, 'The Hard Work Starts Now' (gcaptain.com) or

- Here’s How JetBlue Will Achieve Net-Zero Emissions by 2040 (environmentalleader.com) or

- https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition or

- EU agrees stricter rules for greenhouse gas emission cuts | Euronews or

- Total greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe (europa.eu) or

- European Union Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions 1990-2022 | MacroTrends or

- EU economy greenhouse gas emissions: -24% since 2008 (europa.eu)

last visit: 2022-12-12.

Challenge Climate Change due to man-made Global Warming and the topic of Corruption.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Thu, 10 Nov 2022 18:46:11 GMT

The working and actions around the globe against environmental destruction like against the negative effects of global warming often are hindered or to slow because of practices of corruption.

Corruption can have many faces, for example private or economic sector people bribing administration officials and/or politicians, for instance that financial flows are going in wrong directions. Poor people are mostly effected by corruption (direct/indirect), because economical, ecological and social development is undermined. Areas that often are effected by corruption around planet mother earth are, e.g. water supplies, essential health services, access to clean energy sources, illegal animal trade or forestry and illegal logging. For more informations and facts please visit for example: What’s corruption got to do with climate change, and why should we care? - OpenLearn - Open University or Is corruption on the climate change agenda? | The FCPA Blog or The Climate-Corruption Connection - Harvard Political Review (harvardpolitics.com) or Climate change and corruption | Green Economy Coalition or Corruption: An Obstacle To Fighting Climate Change (forbes.com) or How corruption affects climate change - News - Transparency.org or Corruption - Wikipedia , last visit: 10. November 2022.

Sea level rise has and will have devastating consequences.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 10 Oct 2022 18:02:46 GMT

The effects of sea level rise are already here and will get worse with more icecaps and glaciers on land melting.

As we know the burning of fossil fuels led and leads to men-made global warming and climate change. One of the many negative consequences is the melting of glaciers and ice caps on land. This is leading to sea level rise. Some say, if all glaciers and icecaps would melt sea level would rise at least around 60 to 70 m or maybe 100m (source: unknown). Already a sea level rise of e.g. 20 to 30 cm would have worse consequences in many coastal areas around the globe, if we think e.g. about the many forms of land use. For further information and facts please refer to for example: EarthSky | Global sea level rise: All roads lead to one conclusion or Sea Level Rise From Melting Ice Sheets Could Soon Be Locked In | Hackaday or https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/10/221006092307.htm or Preparing the Coast of California for Sea Level Rise: Science-based Policy and Guidance | Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey or Sea Level Rise | National Geographic Society or What sea level rise will look like around the globe | CNN or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise , last visit: 10. October 2022.

Circular Economies - Living in Circles.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 11 Sep 2022 18:26:08 GMT

The concept of circular economies has the aim to reduce the use of natural resources and our impact on the environment respectively to contribute to sustainable development.

"A circular economy (also referred to as circularity and CE) is a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible. CE aims to tackle global challenges as climate change, biodiversity loss, waste, and pollution by emphasizing the design-based implementation of the three base principles of the model. The three principles required for the transformation to a circular economy are: eliminating waste and pollution, circulating products and materials, and the regeneration of nature. ... " compare: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_economy . There are many sources about the topic available, for example: https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/topics/circular-economy-introduction/overview or https://www.epa.gov/recyclingstrategy/what-circular-economy or https://www.weforum.org/projects/circular-economy or https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/economics/circular-economy/ or https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/06/what-is-the-circular-economy/ , last visit: 11. September 2022.

Humanity is not acting sustainable on spaceship mother earth.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 31 Jul 2022 09:30:19 GMT

It is time to act sustainable and to – inter alia - switch investments worldwide faster from fossil fuels to renewable energies respectively to implement circular economies consequently.

Suggestions in Music as an indirect reminder for the consequences of climate change that are now accelerating. There is not much time left to stop this negative process. Humanity should tackle global warming now with utmost respect.

As we know the global increase of greenhouse gas emissions like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and others are forcing the greenhouse effect of the earth atmosphere. The linked climate warming has far reached outcomes. It leads for instance to extreme drought periods in Africa, Europe and other regions and to a growth of hurricane like storms world-wide. Furthermore, there will be difficult to account changes in the global varied Flora and Fauna, that are already happening.

Especially the augment of heat days, inundations and hurricane like storms are causing high ecological and economical damages. Globally looked at all sectors of economies are affected by the negative consequences of climate change.

These warning signs and this negative development lead also to more displacement and environment migration mostly out of regions within a country but also out of a country.

We in the so-called developed world must think over it, how we are living and how we are overusing the resources of the earth. The biological resources and services of the earth for the year 2022 were already overused on the 28th of July (please compare: https://www.overshootday.org , last visit 31. July 2022). This development is not sustainable at all.

Positive effects of Forests.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 04 Jul 2022 17:58:15 GMT

Forests have a great meaning for us and our living conditions.

Wood is the oldest raw material and forests serve e.g. as a working place. Forests provide several useful protection effects, like wind protection or water retention. Of great importance are the forests welfare effects: The living space forest is useful to influence positively the factors temperature, air and water and balancing ecological relations. It serves for example as a climate balance, regulates the water household, provides drinking water, purifies and renews water and air, and reduces noise. Forests also have a very positive environment for human recreation and they can provide a rich biodiversity.

Because forests were globally reduced by humanity in large amounts since the last ice age, their global areas should now again be increasing, by planting trees and forests, and/or via natural succession and selection. So the - in short - before mentioned positive effects of forest could be enlarged and enhanced, e.g. also to store lots of Gigatons of Carbon Dioxide and to improve local and regional water cycle and rainfall patterns. For more information and facts please refer for example: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/04/forests-ice-age/ or https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/forest-biome or https://forestsnews.cifor.org/53772/precipitation-relation-vegetation?fnl=en or https://forestrypedia.com/effects-of-forests-on-rainfall-or-precipitation/ or https://www.britannica.com/science/desertification or https://www.iberdrola.com/sustainability/desertification ; last visit: 2022-07-04.

Energy storage technologies are decisive elements of decentralized energy systems based on renewable energies.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 05 Jun 2022 09:57:40 GMT

Energy storage helps to improve the efficiency and quality of renewable energy systems.

Because the offer and the demand for the use of electricity, heating, cooling, or mechanical power differs many times, energy has to be stored,especially in the case of decentralized energy systems based on renewable energy. There are many technologies available, from the simple storage of fire wood, over many kinds of batteries for specific purposes, to differing sizes of tanks and other possibilities. For more information and facts please visit, e.g.: https://www.smart-energy.com/storage/the-different-types-of-energy-storage-and-their-opportunities/ or https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/most-promising-long-duration-storage-technologies-left-standing or https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/energy-storage-technology or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_storage or https://energystorage.org/why-energy-storage/technologies/ , last visit: 05. June 2022.

Decentralized Energy Systems based on Renewable Energies are the Future.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 08 May 2022 17:19:57 GMT

Centralized Energy Systems based on large Fossil Fuel (Coal, Oil, Natural Gas) or Nuclear Power Plants are not sustainable. They are out of time.

Opposite to conventional central energy systems from the fossil fuel era decentralized energy systems based on renewable energies are offering the energy and power mainly via a lot of distributed - more or less - smaller or middle-sized plants, nearer to the demand sides. The power-/ energy units from wind energy, photovoltaic, water & marine power, solar thermal, geothermal, etc. should be combined with respective storage technologies and smart computer based energy management hard- and software. For more information and facts please visit e.g.: https://www.pv-magazine.com/2022/03/29/designs-for-solarstoragehydrogen-systems-in-buildings/ or https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/programs/energy-justice/pdfs/2022-4-27_Letter-to-World-Leaders-re-End-Fossil-Fuel-Era-Accelerate-Transtion-to-Renewable-Energy.pdf or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_generation or https://www.tdworld.com/distributed-energy-resources/article/20972186/the-decentralized-energy-future-is-coming or https://www.advancedsciencenews.com/decentralized-renewable-energy-systems-a-status-quo-analysis/ , last visit: 08. May 2022.

Ecological agriculture/-farming is better than conventional methods of food production, that could be spread all around the globe for a healthy nourishment.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 10 Apr 2022 17:32:22 GMT

It recognizes that the natural environment must be protected and cannot be overused if we want to harvest from it sustainably.

Other names for ecological agriculture/-farming are organic or biological. It is based on the premise that the crops take advantage of natural resources to, for example, fight pests, maintain or increase soil fertility, etc., without resorting to synthetic chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides , antibiotics, and without using any organisms that have been genetically modified. This way, more natural, healthy and nutritious foods are obtained. In addition, it helps to achieve greater sustainability of the environment causing minimal environmental impact.

There are several types of ecological agriculture/-farming that are based on balance and respect for the environment, such as bio-dynamic agriculture, natural agriculture synergistic agriculture, permaculture , etc. For further information and facts please visit for instance: https://www.fao.org/3/i9037en/i9037en.pdf (The 10 elements of agroecology) or https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/ecological-farming or https://www.thefieldalliance.org/issues/ecological-agriculture/ or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_farming or https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/renewable-agriculture-and-food-systems/article/abs/ecological-agriculture-principles-practices-and-constraints1/F8B4BE31AC390B03EE1598AFF0238208 , last visit: 10. April 2022.

Forests are vital for our existence.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Tue, 22 Mar 2022 19:01:32 GMT

Planting trees and forests can have many positive effects. Forests should be managed sustainably.

Apple trees and other well known fruit trees give us healthy nourishment. Sustainably well managed forests give us many, many economic, ecological and social services, like e.g. water and soil protection, a rich biodiversity, building and fuel wood, wide areas for recreation, and the nowadays very important ability to store huge amounts of carbon by sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Last but not least trees and forests produce the oxygen we need to live. So trees and forests are a good example why we can live only in harmony with mother nature and not against her. Trees and forests should be planted and protected in great amounts around the globe. It is a positive investment into the future. For more information and facts please visit for example the following links: https://www.un.org/en/observances/forests-and-trees-day or https://www.greenfacts.org/en/forests/l-3/8-economic-social-benefits.htm or https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220317143715.htm or https://foresteurope.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Doctor-Forest-B5_online.pdf or https://phys.org/news/2022-02-carbon-payments-pivotal-role-forest.html (last visit: 22. March 2022).

Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) lives already 5 million years on earth.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Fri, 18 Feb 2022 19:02:14 GMT

The near threatened otter can be found in waterways and coasts of Europe, many parts of Asia and also in the north of Africa.

The Eurasian otter is the only species found in Europe and its population became very depleted. In some western countries it became extinct. Populations have started to recover but it is slower than is suggested by the media. The otter is one of the most widespread mammals on Earth, its various extant subspecies, numbering a total of 13. For more facts and information please visit, e.g.: https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lutra_lutra/ or https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/otr_species/eurasian-otter-lutra-lutra/ or https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=37969 (Environmental research project 2013) or https://www.monaconatureencyclopedia.com/lutra-lutra/ (4 languages: english, italiano, francais, espanol) or https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/lutra-lutra , last visit: 2022-02-18.

Honey bees are vital for our existence.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 30 Jan 2022 10:56:23 GMT

Honey bees are ecological, economical and social very important.

All honey bees are effecting through their existence an enhancement of natural nourishment resources, mainly by pollination of wildflowers, herbs, many tree species and other plants. They contribute to a better ecological balance and produce inter alia honey, wax, propolis and gelee royal. There are many species, e.g.: Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), Eastern honey bee (Apis cerana), Philippine honey bee (Apis nigrocincta) and Koschevnikov's honey bee (Apis koschevnikovi). Bees are very vital. They are endangered by wrong treatment and environment pollution. Albert Einstein should have said: "If bees were to disappear from the globe, mankind would only have four years left to live." ( https://morethanhoneyfilm.com/ ). For further information and facts, please visit for instance: https://www.britannica.com/animal/honeybee or https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/honeybee or https://www.thoughtco.com/fascinating-facts-about-honey-bees-4165293 or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_bee (last visit: 2022-30-01).

Geothermal Energy has high potential.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Tue, 11 Jan 2022 20:32:18 GMT

After the great potential from Solar Energy, Geothermal Energy has the second largest potential in a lot of areas around the globe.

(Foto: Svartsengi Power Plant in South-West-Iceland, August 1994 by Stefan Jung.)

Mother Earth is a hot planet. In a depth of around 6.000 km the temperature could be around 5.000°C. One third of the energy stems from changed gravitational energy in the early earth-creation-process and the bigger part from natural radioactive processes until today. Geothermal Energy has a big potential and is already used in many countries since decades. Its useful resource is divided into surface-near (down to 400m) and Deep-Geothermal Energy (400-5.000m). For its use are a lot of technologies available. In the picture we see a combined condensation-/binary cycle power plant. It produces heat and electricity for private and industrial purposes. The warm waste-water flows into a bassin, the "Blue Lagoon", which is used for balneology and tourism. For further information about the topic please visit, e.g.: https://www.irena.org/geothermal or https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/geothermal-energy/ or https://www.power-technology.com/features/what-is-geothermal-energy/ or https://www.environmentbuddy.com/energy/geothermal-energy/20-amazing-geothermal-facts/ (last visit: 2022-01-11).

Using Solar Energy Technologies are the right way to support a sustainable future.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Tue, 21 Dec 2021 18:51:31 GMT

The sun is the main source of energy for almost all life on earth.

There are different solar technologies already available: Solar photovoltaic panels in a wide variety of solar cells to produce electricity, Solar collectors to produce warm water, heating and cooling as well as Concentrating Solar Power (CSR) with dish engines, power towers and CSP linear concentrators. Through further research & development all these technologies could be improved and enhanced. The sunlight radiating to earth is more tan enough to satisfy all our energy needs sustainably. For further information please compare, e.g.: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/solar-energy/ or https://www.seia.org/initiatives/about-solar-energy or https://www.britannica.com/science/solar-energy or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy ; last visit: 2021-12-21.

Nuclear Energy is not a Sustainable Option.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 28 Nov 2021 10:47:03 GMT

From cradle to crade nuclear energy sucks. It is dirty, dangerous and expensive.

Atomic power is used approximately 70 years and still has the same problems. Mining for its resources for instance causes water pollution and dangerous radiation. As history has shown several times the Nuclear Plants are not really safe, because of technical and/or human failure, for example: Three Miles Island Accident (March 1979), Tchernobyl Catastrophe (April 1986) or the Fukushima Catastrophe (March 2011). There is also no good solution to get rid of the Atomic Waste and the big risk of Profileration. A lot of money has been put into this unsustainable form of energy (Subventions, Tax Releases, etc.). For more information please compare, e.g.: https://www.solarreviews.com/blog/nuclear-energy-pros-and-cons or https://prezi.com/wedwwx9vrufz/why-nuclear-energy-sucks or https://worldnuclearwastereport.org or https://www.diw.de/de/diw_01.c.670590.de/publikationen/weekly_reports/high_priced_and_dangerous_nuclear_power_is_not_an_option_for_the_climate_fiendly_energy.mix.html or https://www.psr.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/dirty-dangerous-and-expensive.pdf ; last visit: 2021-11-28.

Best Available Technologies (BAT) can help to decrease the impacts on the environment.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 31 Oct 2021 18:27:26 GMT

The rational use of State of the Art Technologies in the respective industries (e.g. steel, cement, chemical industries, etc.) and also the use of cross sector technologies (e.g. motor systems, combined heat (cold) and power, building technologies, etc.) as well as a high degree of renewable power input around the globe, can lead to make the world a better place.

Through the consequent use of Best Available Technologies in every sector of human activities the input of energy and material consumption can be reduced, so that the efficiency of the respective process gets better and the overall impact on the environment is less. The ecological footprint gets better and also money can be saved. Some organizations or states have worked on this since years; compare e.g.: https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/risk-management/best-available-techniques.htm or https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/links/guidance-and-tools/eu-best-available-technology-reference , respectively https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reference/ or e.g: https://www.fueleconomy.gov/FEG/tech_adv.shtml . Examples in the field of Renewable Energies, e.g.: https://oceanup.com/36670/best-renewable-energy-technologies or https://www.treehugger.com/top-renewable-energy-sources-1204190 ; last visit on the sites on 2021-10-31 . We need also new technologies for a sustainable future by further research & development.

Westliche Smaragdeidechse (Lacerta bilineata) in Deutschland stark gefährdet, in Rheinland-Pfalz vom Aussterben bedroht.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 04 Oct 2021 17:49:52 GMT

Die westliche Smaragdeidechse hat eine Schwesterart die östliche Smaragdeidechse (Lacerta viridis), die sich beide hauptsächlich durch das Verbreitungsgebiet unterscheiden.

Die Smaragdeidechsen bevorzugen in Deutschland sonnenwarme südlich exponierte Hänge mit ausreichender Feuchte sowie einer Mischung aus offenen Strukturen und Vegetation als Habitat. Deshalb sind z.B. trockene Waldränder, vergraste Weinberge und Halbtrockenrasen besonders geeignet. Vergleiche z.B.: https://www.nabu.de/tiere-und-pflanzen/amphibien-und-reptilien/reptilien/04862.html oder https://www.deutschlands-natur.de/tierarten/amphibien-reptilien/westliche-smaragdeidechse/ oder https://lfu.rlp.de/de/naturschutz/artenschutz-und-projekte/artenschutzprojekte/kriechtiere/westliche-smaragdeidechse/ bzw. https://www.deutschlands-natur.de/tierarten/amphibien-reptilien/oestliche-smaragdeidechse/ ; letzter Aufruf je: 04.10.2021.

Moore sind wichtige Kohlenstoffspeicher

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Tue, 07 Sep 2021 17:51:11 GMT

Moore sind sehr wichtig für den Artenschutz und die effektivsten Kohlenstoffspeicher aller Landökosysteme.

Moore wurden und werden oft entwässert und z.B. für den Torfabbau genutzt. Moore (Nieder- und Hochmoore) sollten für den Arten- und Klimaschutz erhalten und renaturiert werden. Sie sind perfekte Kohlenstoffspeicher und bieten eine hohe Lebensraumvielfalt. Vgl. z.B.: https://www.planet-wissen.de/natur/landschaften/lebensraum_moor/index.html oder https://www.nabu.de/natur-und-landschaft/moore/moore-und-klimawandel/13340.html oder https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moor , letzterAufruf je: 07.09.2021.

Eurasischer Luchs (Lynx lynx) weiterhin stark gefährdet.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Tue, 17 Aug 2021 17:52:31 GMT

In Deutschland ist der Luchs (Lynx Lynx) gemäß der Roten Liste immer noch stark gefährdet.

Der Eurasische Luchs galt in Deutschland als ausgestorben. Diverse Wieder-Ansiedlungsversuche sind unterschiedlich erfolgreich. Problematisch ist unter anderem die Zerschneidung von Biotopen und illegaler Abschuß. Luchs-Populationen gibt es z.B. in Rheinland-Pfalz, Nordhessen und Nordrhein-Westfalen. Interessante Informationen zu dieser Säugetierart finden sich beispielsweise auf folgenden Internetseiten: https://www.bund-naturschutz.de/tiere-in-bayern/luchs/steckbrief oder https://herz-fuer-tiere.de/wildlife/wissen/rote-liste-gefaehrdete-tiere-in-deutschland oder https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasischer_Luchs oder https://ffh-anhang4.bfn.de/arten-anhang-iv-ffh-richtlinie/saeugetiere-sonstige/luchs-lynx-lynx.html , letzter Aufruf: 17.08.2021.

Global Forest Goals Report 2021

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 02 Aug 2021 17:35:07 GMT

Despite the global Covid-19 pandemic the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs published in last April a new report on global forests. There is an urgent need in worldwide sustainable forest management as well as in an increase of total forest areas.

According to the new global forest report: ... "some 1,6 billion people worldwide depend directly on forests for food, shelter, energy, medicine and income."

Because of the pandemic and worldwide increasing wildfires the development of forests is endangered as never before. For further facts and information, please see and compare: https://www.un.org/en/desa/global-forest-goals-report-2021 or download directly: https://www.un.org/esa/forests/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Global-Forest-Goals-Report-2021.pdf ; last visit: 2021-08-02.

In my opinion global forests are very vital for humanities existence.

New Study: 100 % Renewable Energy until 2030 in Germany is possible.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 18 Jul 2021 18:25:27 GMT

The Energy System of the Future. Press Release from 2021-05-28 by "Energy Watch Group" also in English and for download.

Within 10 years Germany's energy supply could be switched completely to renewable energies new study says. For further information please compare: https://www.energywatchgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/EWG_Study_2021_100RE-for-Germany-by-2030_ES.pdf (Press Release 4p.) or: https://www.energywatchgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/EWG_Studie_2021_100EE-fuer-Deutschland-bis-2030.pdf (in German 35p.) or: https://www.energywatchgroup.org/neue-studie-100-erneuerbare-energien-bis-2030-in-deutschland-moglich/ (last visit: 2021-07-18).

In my opinion this could be a role model also for other countries around the globe, according to their specific natural conditions.

Renewables Global Status Report 2021

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Thu, 24 Jun 2021 17:49:10 GMT

The new Renewables Status Report is now available, e.g. for decision makers or to download.

In my opinion the increase of renewable energies is still to slow and should be accelerated quickly now, because the potential for renewable energies around the globe is still very high. Also a lot of people on our common planet still have no access to modern clean energy, e.g. for light and cooking. Please compare, e.g.: https://www.ren21.net/reports/global-status-report/ or e.g. https://www.unep.org/resources/report/renewables-2021-global-status-report (last visit: 2021-06-24).

Megadiversity - What is that ?

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Thu, 03 Jun 2021 17:56:27 GMT

17 countries on our planet are currently the most biodiversity-rich, with a focus on endemic biodiversity and therefore entitled megadiverse.

These countries are: The United States of America, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, Madagascar, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, China and Australia. Fore detailed information please compare, e.g.: https://www.biodiversitya-z.org/content/megadiverse-countries or https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/ecologically-megadiverse-countries-of-the-world.html or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megadiverse_countries (last visit: 2021-06-03).

May 22, 2021 - International Day of Biodiversity

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 16 May 2021 17:25:44 GMT

The slogan for this years International Biodiversity Day is: "We are part of the solution."

Because of humanities influence on nature and human-made climate change a lot of species are threatened in their existence. Plants, Mammals, Insects, etc. small ones and also big ones. Due to our dependency on Earths nature, we should protect and enhance our environment respectively or natural living conditions. For further information compare e.g.: https://www.un.org/en/observances/biological-diversity-day or e.g.: https://cbd.int/biodiversity-day or e.g.: https://nationaltoday.com/international-day-biological-diversity/ , last visit: 2021-05-16.

Earth Day 2021

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 19 Apr 2021 17:57:48 GMT

On April 22nd is Earth Day 2021, the 51. event of this kind since 1970. There are activities beginning on April 20 till April 22nd.

There is still an urgent need for sustainable development worldwide. We should go for sustainable development in every aspect of human activities, e.g. agriculture, forestry, renewable energies, traffic & transport, fisheries, industry & business, tourism and also in cities and buildings.

For Earth-Day topics compare e.g.: https://www.earthday.org/earth-day-2021/ or e.g.: https://www.nasa.gov/earth-day-2021 ,(last visit: 2021-04-19).

March 21, 2021 - International Day of Forests

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 21 Mar 2021 18:13:28 GMT

UN General Assembly established 21st day of March as International day of Forests by resolution on November 28, 2012.

Forests fulfill economical, ecological and also social services for us. They should be managed sustainably. Once upon a time a lot of earths land surface was covered with forests, before humanity developed into millions and billions until today. Planting billions of trees and millions of forests worldwide would help tackling climate change and global warming. Forests are vital for us. Compare e.g.: https://www.un.org/observances/forests-and-trees-day , https://youtu.be/qAdlTRpRu-Y , www.fao.org/international-day-of-forests/en/ , https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Day_of_Forests .

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change published new NDC Synthesis Report

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Tue, 02 Mar 2021 19:01:03 GMT

On 26. February 2021 UNFCCC published a new report on the National Determined Contributions due to the Paris Agreement from 2015. There is still a lot to do; because our house is on fire.

It is a first iteration that assesses the cumulated impact of all NDC's by 31. December 2020. The second iteration will be published before the COP 26 in Glasgow; compare: https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs/ndc-synthesis-report or download from https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/cma2021_02_adv_0.pdf (last visit: 2021-03- 02).

Mangrovenwälder sind wichtige Ökosysteme

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 15 Feb 2021 19:19:43 GMT

Die Anpflanzung und Erweiterung von Mangrovenwäldern können nachhaltige Projekte sein.

Mangrovenwälder können ökonomisch, ökologisch und gesellschaftlich wichtige Funktionen erfüllen, z.B. als Einkommensquellen, durch biologische Vielfalt, für den Küstenschutz und auch für den Klimaschutz (Kohlenstoffsenke). Sie kamen und kommen an vielen Küstengegenden der Weltmeere vor, wurden jedoch stark dezimiert. Vergleiche zum Beipiel: https://www.abenteuer-regenwald.de/wissen/pflanzen/mangroven und/oder https://pro-regenwald.de/hg_wald/mangroven und/oder https://www.geo.de/natur/8871-rtkl-mangroven-lebenskuenstler-zwischen-land-und-meer und/oder https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove_(Ökosystem) ; letzter Abruf je am 15.02.2021.

UN Climate Change Emissions Gap Report 2020

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 10 Jan 2021 09:34:01 GMT

United Nations published a further Emissions Gap Report on 09. December 2020.

Sadly there is still a big gap in the need for greenhouse gas emission reductions. In the face of climate change and to reach the goal of the Paris Agreement to halt global warming to a maximum of 1,5°C, we have to take strong actions to reduce the global greenhouse gas emissions (urgently). Compare: https://www.unep.org/emissions-gap-report-2020 (10 January 2021).

United Nations Secretary-General adressed "The State of the Planet"

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Fri, 04 Dec 2020 19:00:40 GMT

On the 2. December 2020 Mr. Antonio Guterres adressed "The State of the Planet" at Columbia University.

The UN-Secretary Antonio Guterres said inter alia: "Making peace with nature is the defining task of the 21st century. It must be the top, top priority for everyone." Compare: https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/speeches/2020-12-02/address-columbia-university-the-state-of-the-planet (04.12.2020).

In my opinion, there is an urgent need for real sustainable development worldwide; a global real green new deal.

"Der globale Green New Deal" Buch von Jeremy Rifkin 2019.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 22 Nov 2020 18:31:10 GMT

Mit konkreten Vorschlägen für Alle.

In seinem Buch "Der globale Green New Deal" diagnostiziert Jeremy Rifkin, dass der Zusammenbruch der "fossil befeuerten Zivilisation" quasi unmittelbar bevorsteht. Als Lösung beschreibt er ein visionäres Weltbild, dass zu 100 Prozent auf Erneuerbaren Energien basiert. Campus Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt am Main 2019 (ISBN: 978-3-593-51135-1). Siehe auch : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy Rifkin .

Seepferdchen vom Aussterben bedroht.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Thu, 05 Nov 2020 18:57:47 GMT

Als charakteristische Art seines Lebensraumes wird das Seepferdchen durch den Klimawandel und die Umweltverschmutzung in seinem Fortbestehen gefährdet.

Die ökologische Nische einer Art wird bestimmt durch den vorhandenen Lebensraum (Habitat) sowie den darin verfügbaren Nahrungsgrundlagen und Beutegreifern (natürliche bzw. unübliche Feinde). Es gibt Versuche Seepferdchen nach zu züchten, die sich jedoch als schwierig erweisen; vgl.: https://www.wissenschaft.de/umwelt-natur/neue-kinderstube-fuer-seepferdchen/ (Stand: 05.11.2020). Die Lebensräume von Meerestieren sowie auch die des Seepferdchens werden zunehmend zerstört; vgl.: https://www.walfluesterer.de/rote-liste-bedrohte-meerestiere/ (Stand: 05.11.2020). Auch die Fischerei trägt zur Gefährdung bei; vgl.: https://www.bund.net/themen/tiere-pflanzen/tiere/fische/seepferdchen/ (Stand: 05.11.2020).

25. September 2020 - Global Day of Climate Action FFF

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Thu, 17 Sep 2020 18:31:51 GMT

Fridays for Future International invites to the next Global Earth Strike in the face of the Covid-19-Pandamic, Friday 2020/09/25.

"This fall, school strike movement Fridays For Future calls for a global climate action day. On September 25th, demonstrations and manifestations will take place all across the globe, all adjusted according to Covid-19 circumstances." For more information compare: https://fridaysforfuture.org/september25/ ;(2020/09/17).

UN Sustainable Development Goals Report 2020

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Wed, 16 Sep 2020 18:48:54 GMT

United Nations published new SDG's Report in its official languages.

The UN Sustainable Development Goals Report 2020 can be downloaded on: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020 (2020/09/16). It starts with a foreword from António Guterres ( Secretary-General of the United Nations) and Liu Zhenmin ( Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs) respectively.

... "Everything we do during and after this crisis [COVID-19] must be with a strong focus on building more equal, inclusive and sustainable economies and societies that are more resilient in the face of pandemics, climate change, and the many other global challenges we face." António Guterres.

There is still much to do on a global perspective.

Earth Overshoot Day 2020 is August 22.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Mon, 17 Aug 2020 17:58:41 GMT

Earth Overshoot Day is this year a few weeks later, because of COVID-19 pandamic.

Due to the Corana-Virus-Pandamic this years Earth Overshoot Day is later in comparison to former years (compare: https://www.overshootday.org/ , last visit 17.08.2020). But this is only because of the worldwide nation-specific lockdowns. Sustainable development still plays a crucial role for a good future.

Greta Thunberg and others puplished (16 July 2020) an Open Letter to EU and World Leaders demanding immediate Climate Action.

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Fri, 17 Jul 2020 20:58:34 GMT

The swedish activist Greta Thunberg has co-authored an open letter demanding European Union Leaders and other Heads of State to take immediate action against climate change.

The letter written by Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer and others calls for - inter alia - new climate policies and respective action. For more information, compare and/or sign at: https://climateemergencyeu.org .

IRENA - Global Renewables Outlook, April 2020

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 31 May 2020 20:23:41 GMT

International Renewables Energy Agency publishes its first Global Renewables Outlook in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Due to IRENA the "outlook highlights climate-safe investment options until 2050, policies for transition and specific regional challenges. It also explores options to eventually cut emissions to zero", compare: https://www.irena.org/publications ; download of the summary, compare: https://www.irena.org/publications/2020/Apr/Global-Renewables-Outlook-2020 (due to 31 May 2020).

IRENA 2020, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi. ISBN: 978-92-9260-283-3 (Full Report).

European Commission calls for European Green Deal

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 24 May 2020 17:34:17 GMT

"The Green Deal call will mobilise research and innovation to foster a just and sustainable societal transition aiming at leaving nobody behind. ..."

For more content and information compare with: https://j.mp/3bLzmnl or https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/strategy/european-green-deal/call_en (24.05.2020).

50 Jahre Earth Day

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Wed, 22 Apr 2020 18:11:26 GMT

Der Earthday fand 1970 in den U.S.A. zum ersten Mal statt.

"Der Earth Day findet alljährlich am 22. April weltweit in über 190 Ländern der Erde statt. Das Earth Day-Motto, "Global denken, lokal handeln", soll deutlich machen, dass es hier nicht nur um das heutige Wohlbefinden der Menschen geht. Gesunde Erde heißt gesunde Umwelt und lebenswerter Ort für die Zukunft. Dies bedeutet eine Verwirklichung der Visionen aus der Agenda 21 des UN-Erdgipfels von Rio de Janeiro1992 in den Städten und Gemeinden, am Wohnort. Auch 21 Jahre nach Rio gelten mehr denn je die Grundprinzipien der Chapter der Agenda 21 für zukunftsfähige, nachhaltige Lebensgestaltung." (vergleiche: https://earthday.de , Stand: 22.04.2020)

Siehe auch: https://earthday.org

Planetary Health, World Sustainable Development Forum, April 2020

Fri, 17 Apr 2020 18:21:15 GMT

COVID19's Warning to the World, by Dr. Ash Pachauri

Planetary Health - Key Messages from Dr. Ash Pachauri's Analytical Brief :

(compare: https://worldsdf.org/research and/or https://j.mp/2XMiBoZ (16.04.2020))

"Outbreaks of infectious diseases are on the rise and are likely to become more common as human populations destroy habitats, forcing wildlife into closer proximity to humans.
The field of planetary health is gaining attention, as the connections between human well-being and the health of overall ecosystems become evident. In the current world of uncertainty, the one thing that is certain is that the health of the planet and those that inhabit it are inextricably linked.
Pollution has reduced and air quality has improved as countries have locked down to prevent the spread of Coronavirus. However, the impact of reduced greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption will be temporary unless governments adopt new approaches to development that protect both the health of the planet and those that inhabit it.
The COVID-19 crisis warns the world of the price it will pay without aggressive action by governments to reduce carbon emissions and adopt cleaner and healthier models of development."

... full text: compare above mentioned links

WMO-Statement on the State of the Global Climate in 2019

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Sun, 15 Mar 2020 18:06:09 GMT

Neuer Bericht der World Meteorological Organization zum Status des globalen Klimas in 2019 seit 10.03.2020 verfügbar.

Das WMO-"Statement on the State of the Global Climate in 2019" (vgl.: https://library.wmo.int-7doc_num.php?explnum_id=10211 , Stand: 15.03.2020) enthält auch ein Vorwort des Generalsekretärs P. Taalas sowie ein Statement des UN Generalsekretärs Antonio Guterres. Gemäß dem Dokument steigen die Treibhausgasemissionen - insbesondere Kohlendioxid - weiter an, mit den entsprechenden riskanten Klimawandel-Folgen!

"The Future We Choose. Surviving the Climate Crisis."

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Wed, 04 Mar 2020 20:10:46 GMT

Neues Buch von Cristiana Figueres und Tom Rivett-Carnac seit Ende Februar 2020 im Handel.

Das Buch ist unter anderem über die Website der beiden Autoren erhältlich: https://globaloptimism.com/the-future-we-choose-book/ (Stand: 04.03.2020). Es beschreibt ein düsteres bzw. ein optimistisches Bild der Zukunft im Angesicht des Klimawandels und der Einhaltung bzw. Nicht-Einhaltung des 1,5°C-Zieles des Paris-Agreements. Darüber hinaus gibt es zahlreiche Anregungen und zeigt Verhaltensweisen auf, um die Treibhausgasemissionen bis zum Jahr 2050 möglichst nahe zu Null zu reduzieren. Frau Christiana Figueres und Herr Tom Rivett-Carnac waren Architekten des 2015 Paris Agreement.

Zweites World Sustainable Development Forum im März 2020 in Mexico

Wed, 15 Jan 2020 19:41:09 GMT

"Action to Limit Warming Below 1,5°C". March 5-7 2020, Durango Mexico.

Das World Sustainable Development Forum beschäftigt sich damit, wie das Paris-Agreement und die Sustainable Development Goals der Vereinten Nationen implementiert werden können. Beim diesjährigen WSDF in Durango Mexico, steht die Einhaltung des 1,5 °C Ziels im Vordergrund, in Partnerschaft mit der POP (Protect our Planet) Movement (vgl.: https://worldsdf.org/events/durango-mexico-march-2020/ bzw. https://worldsdf.org , Stand: 15.01.2020).

Neuer Höchststand bei weltweiten Treibhausgasemissionen.

Wed, 27 Nov 2019 09:23:12 GMT

Neuer Bericht der World Meteorological Organisation vom 25.11.2019 bzw. UN Emission Gap Report 2019 vom 26.11.2019

Nach dem neuen Bericht der World Meteorological Organisation steigen die globalen, klimarelevanten Emissionen weiter ungebremst an. Im Jahr 2018 erreichten die Werte durchschnittlich, z.B. bei Kohlendioxid: 407,8 ppm (2017: 405,5 ppm), bei Methan: 1869 ppb (2017: 1859) und bei Di-Stickstoffoxid: 331,1 ppb (2017: 329,9); vgl.: https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/greenhouse-gas-concentrations-atmosphere-reach-yet-another-high (Stand: 25.11.2019).

Nach dem UN Emission Gap Report 2019 der Vereinten Nationen, werden das 1,5°C- bzw. das 2°C-Ziel des "Paris Agreement" von 2015 weiterhin verfehlt. Die Treibhausgasemissionen steigen weiter an, trotz wissenschaftlicher Warnungen und politischer Verpflichtungen. Die Emissionslücke, um die Ziele des "Paris Agreement" zu erreichen, ist zu groß. Um das 1,5°C-Ziel zu erreichen, müssten in 2030 die jährlichen Emissionen um 32 GtCO2e niedriger sein, als es die staatlichen Verpflichtungen bisher vorsehen; bzw. um das 2°C-Ziel zu erreichen müssten diese in 2030 jährlich 15 GtCO2e weniger sein; vgl.: https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019 (Stand: 26.11.2019).

Leitfaden zum Thema Photovoltaik in Deutschland des Fraunhofer Instituts für Solare Energiesysteme

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Wed, 16 Oct 2019 18:26:20 GMT

Aktuelle Fakten zur Photovoltaik in Deutschland des Fraunhofer ISE (Stand: 14.10.2019)

Das Fraunhofer Institut für Solare Energiesysteme stellt auf seiner Website einen - meiner Meinung nach - interessanten und umfassenden Leitfaden zum Thema Photovoltaik zum Download zur Verfügung: "Aktuelle Fakten zum Thema Photovoltaik in Deutschland", Fraunhofer ISE, Download von www.pv-fakten.de (Stand: 16.10.2019), Fassung vom 14.10.2019, zusammengestellt von Herrn Dr. Harry Wirth.

In dem insgesamt 96-seitigen pdf-Dokument werden unter vielem anderem die tatsächlichen Zusammenhänge von Strompreisbildung, Einspeiseregelung, EEG-Umlage, Privilegierung der Industrie, Subventionen, Klimaschutz, Energiewende, fossile Energiewirtschaft, Merit-Order-Effekt, und vieles mehr beschrieben und anschaulich dargestellt;

vgl. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/de/veroeffentlichungen/studien/aktuelle-fakten-zur-photovoltaik-in-deutschland.html (Stand: 16.10.2019).

IPCC Sonderbericht Ozeane und Eisschilde

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Wed, 25 Sep 2019 18:35:37 GMT

Weltklimarat warnt mit weiterem Sonderbericht

Der Weltklimarat (IPCC) veröffentlichte am 25.09.2019 in Monaco den Sonderbericht "The Ocean and the Cryosphere in a Changing Climate" (vgl. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/srocc ; Stand: 25.09.2019). Im September 2019 erlangte die Fläche des arktischen Meereises den zweitniedrigsten Betrag seit dem Beginn der Aufzeichnungen. Durch das Schmelzen von Gletschern und von Meereis ist ein Anstieg des Meeresspiegels bis zu 1,10 m im Bereich des möglichen; falls die Treibhausgasemissionen ungebremst weiter ansteigen. Das hat unter anderem Auswirkungen auf die Bewohner von Gebirgsregionen bzw. Küstengebieten. Laut IPCC sind dramatische Änderungen in den Meeren zu erwarten.

Gletscher Okjökull auf Island am 18. August 2019 offiziel für tot erklärt und Gedenktafel angebracht.

Tue, 20 Aug 2019 19:17:44 GMT

Trauer um toten Island-Gletscher "Ok".

Am Sonntag den 18.08.2019 wanderten ungefähr 100 Menschen auf den Gipfel (Vulkan) des zentral-isländischen Gletschers Okjökull. Im Rahmen einer Trauer wurde eine Gedenktafel ("A letter to the future …") angebracht. "Ok" ist quasi an den Folgen des Klimawandels "gestorben". Vergleiche zum Beispiel: https://kurz.zdf.de/ekF0z/ (Stand: 19.08.2019).

IPCC-Sonderbericht zum weltweiten Temperaturanstieg an Land

183:772590772 (Stefan Jung) — Thu, 08 Aug 2019 18:27:59 GMT

1,5 °-Temperaturanstieg an Land bereits erreicht.

Das IPCC veröffentlichte am 08.08.2019 einen Sonderbericht zum bereits erreichten 1,5° Cel. Temperaturanstieg an Land (Special Report on Climate Change and Land - SRCCL). Das bedeutet, dass nun gegen den Klimawandel gehandelt werden muss. Auch die Sektoren Landwirtschaft und Ernährung müssen ihre Treibhausgase verringern. Gemäß dem Sonderbericht ist Land eine kritische Ressource, die für deren Nutzung (Land- und Forstwirtschaft) erhalten werden muss. Weltweite Intensivlandwirtschaft und das Abholzen von Wäldern sind klimaschädlich.

Vergleiche https://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/ (Stand: 08.08.2019).

Overshootday 2019

Mon, 29 Jul 2019 18:17:25 GMT

Erdüberlastungstag fällt auf den 29.07.2019

Gemäß www.overshootday .org (Stand: 29.07.2019) fällt der Erdüberlastungstag im Jahr 2019 bereits auf den 29.07.2019. Das heißt, weltweit wurden die Ressourcen und Dienstleistungen der Erde stärker beansprucht, als unser Planet in einem ganzen Jahr erneuern kann.

Herausforderung des Klimawandels

Sun, 03 Mar 2019 13:35:04 GMT

Eine weltweite nachhaltige Entwicklung ist erforderlich.

Wegen der globalen Zunahme von Treibhausgasemissionen wie Kohlendioxid verstärkt sich der Treibhauseffekt der Erdatmosphäre. Die damit verbundene Erderwärmung hat weit reichende Folgen ( vergleiche: Weiden v.d., S.: Der Sturm im Treibhaus. In: VDI nachrichten, 2007, 61. Jg., Nr.6, S.3). Dies führt beispielsweise zu steigenden Regen- und Schneefällen im europäischen Winter, extremen Trockenperioden in Afrika und zu einer Zunahme von Hurrikan artigen Stürmen weltweit. Des Weiteren wird es schwer zu beziffernden Veränderungen in der weltweit verteilten Flora und Fauna geben.

Insbesondere die Zunahme von Hitzetagen, anhaltende Trockenheitsperioden (wie beispielsweise im europäischen Sommer 2018), Überschwemmungen und Hurrikan artigen Stürmen verursachen schwer zu beziffernden ökologischen und wirtschaftlichen Schäden. Global betrachtet sind alle Sektoren von Volkswirtschaften von den negativen Auswirkungen des Klimawandels betroffen. Ferner ist schwer abzuschätzen, welche Auswirkungen - beispielsweise - das weitere Auftauen von Permafrostböden (Methanentweichung) oder K limawandel-bedingte Veränderungen der marinen Strömungen (wie Golfstrom) auf die Erdökologie hätte.

Diese Warnzeichen und diese Entwicklung führen bisher, in den vom Klimawandel am stärksten betroffenen Ländern, zu mehr Vertreibung und umweltbedingten Wanderbewegungen, meistens aus Regionen innerhalb eines Landes, aber auch aus einem Land heraus.

(vergleiche: Bedarff, Hildegard & Jakobeit, Cord: Klimawandel, Migration und Vertreibung. Die unterschätzte Katastrophe. Eine Studie im Auftrag von Greenpeace Deutschland. Gesellschaft für Umwelt- und Entwicklungsforschung / Universität Hamburg, Fakultät für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften. Hamburg, Mai 2017).

Wie auf dem obigen Foto an Hand der nächtlichen Beleuchtung zu sehen ist, ist der Energieverbrauch der Menschheit nicht überall gleich. Dies ist unter anderem abhängig vom Grad der Industrialisierung und der Bevölkerungsdichte. In vielen Ländern hängt dies - unter anderem - vom Zugang zu Energie ab. Salopp ausgedrückt heißt das, wenn kein elektrischer Strom zur Verfügung steht, dann kann auch kein elektrisches Licht brennen und sonst kein elektrisch betriebenes Gerät benutzt werden.

Wir in der so genannten entwickelten Welt müssen darüber nachdenken wie wir leben und wie wir die natürlichen Ressourcen der Erde nutzen. Die natürlichen Ressourcen und Dienstleistungen der Erde waren im Jahr 2018 bereits am 1. August 2018 übernutzt (URL: www.overshootday.org (Stand: 2018)) . Das ist überhaupt nicht nachhaltig, denn es gibt keine zweite Erde. Ich kenne keinen erdähnlichen Planeten in unserem Sonnensystem, in unserer Galaxie oder in unserem Universum, wo wir leben könnten. Ich weiß auch nicht wie wir zu einem erdähnlichen Planeten hingelangen könnten, der sich vielleicht viele Lichtjahre von hier befindet. Beispielsweise befinden sich die nächsten Sterne (andere Sonnen) in “Alpha Centauri” ungefähr 4,3 Lichtjahre von hier (URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Centauri (Stand:03.03.2019).